How to Ask for Directions in Italian

Michelangelos Sistine Chapel is around the corner. Or so you thought the sign said until you ended up lost and without any idea how to get where you wanted to be. Avoid missing the highlights of Italy with these simple phrases and keywords for asking for directions in Italian. Vocabulary Let’s start with some must know vocabulary words. Some of the most common words you’ll encounter are: Andare - To goCamminare - To walkGirare - To turnFermare - To stopDiritto (dritto) - StraightA destra - RightA sinistra - LeftNord - NorthSud - SouthOvest - WestEst - EastVicino - CloseLontano - Far When giving directions in Italian, the Imperative mood is used. For the most common verbs listed above, the Imperative mood  is as follows: Andare – (tu) VAI/va’, (lui, lei, Lei) vada, (voi) andateCamminare – (tu) cammina, (lui, lei, Lei) cammini, (voi) camminateGirare – (tu) gira, (lui, lei, Lei) giri, (voi) girateFermare – (tu) ferma, (lui, lei, Lei) fermi, (voi) fermate Besides this keyword vocabulary, it is also important to know how to describe where something can be found. In English these types of directions would translate to, â€Å"The bar is around the corner† or â€Å"It is in front of the market.† Phrases In Italian instead, you want to use these descriptive directional phrases: Vicino a - Close to / near / nearbyDietro a - BehindAll’angolo con - At the corner ofDavanti a (di fronte a) - In front of / across fromAll’incrocio con - At the intersection ofAccanto a - Next to Additionally, the following sentences are worth memorizing and will ensure you get the right directions every time. Mi sono perso/a, Lei puà ² aiutarmi? - I am lost, can you help me?Cerco†¦ - I am looking for†¦   Ã‚     - Il teatro - The theater   Ã‚     - La stazione - The train station   Ã‚     - Il supermercato - The supermarket   Ã‚     - Un ristorante - A restaraunt   Ã‚     - Un bagno - A bathroom   Ã‚     - L’aeroporto - The airport Quantà ¨ lontano a...? - How far is it to...Dove sono i gabinetti? - Where is the bathroom? (polite way to ask in a public place)Dovà ¨ il bagno? - Where is the bathroom?Posso usare il bagno, per favore? - Can I use the bathroom, please?Me lo puà ² indicare sulla mappa/cartina, per favore? - Can you show me on the map, please? Typical responses to requests for directions include: A destra - RightA sinistra - LeftVicino - NearLontano - FarGira a - Turn toIl primo/la prima a destra - First on the rightIl secondo/la seconda a sinistra - Second on the left Some more handy tips: Often times, when asked where something is, Italians will answer â€Å"Vada sempre diritto!†   It means Straight ahead!One kilometer (or un chilometro in Italian) 0.62 miles.If you cant find what youre looking for, enjoy what youve found. Sometimes when traveling, the best experiences happen serendipitously.

The Types and Stages of Insect Metamorphosis

Government Intervention in Market Free Essays

The Market Structures The complete economic activities are handled in four different market structures, namely perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly. The nature and degree of competition varies among the all the above-mentioned four markets. In summarized manner we can describe that as the number of sellers increases, each firms’ ability to charge high prices reduces. We will write a custom essay sample on Government Intervention in Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now If number of buyers increases then buyers practice to purchase the goods at his choice price diminishes. The sellers have to face price competitions if the product is homogeneous and price and non-price competition exist if goods are differentiable. A large number of buyers and sellers make competition perfect. A homogeneous good with a number of sellers put the market in competition but a homogeneous good in a few sellers and a number of buyers leads the competition in another directions and put sellers in relatively good position.The complete knowledge of buyers and sellers regarding market price and goods encourage fair competition on the other hand incomplete knowledge of product, alluring misleading advertisements and forced differentiation of the goods break the pure competition. Production of a good by a particular producer or a few producers put the economy in their hands (monopoly) but if only a few buyers or a union of the buyers is controlling (monopsony) the market then market becomes non-competitive.All of the above there are some peculiar goods, which are non-excludable (can be consumed by any one without paying the cost) and non-rivalrous (no one has exclusive right over its consumption), that are not produced by any profit making companies such as military service to protect the nation. Market Failure Causes From the above discussion it is very clear that except perfect competition rest three market structures are not fulfilling the optimal criteria of economy i. e. high over all economic growth, full employment and fair distribution of income among the different parts of the society.The reasons for such market failure or non-attainment of the Pareto optimality (efficiency in exchange/consumption, efficiency in production and overall Pareto efficiency) are as follows: 1. Imperfect Market: Whenever the market is imperfect as under monopoly, monopolistic competition or oligopoly, the perfect market will fail to achieve the Pareto optimal conditions. 2. Externalities: If the prices in a market do not reflect the true marginal costs and/or marginal benefits associated with the goods and services traded in the market then there must be present of some externality.If the productivity of an individual affects the benefits of the others is called the production externalities and if the consumption levels of others affect the welfare of the individuals then consumption externalities occur. 3. Public Goods:Because public goods are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, they are not sold in a free market like private goods. Therefore, they cannot be provided by private firms. 4. Increasing returns to scale:There are increasing return to scale or decreasing costs due to technical externalities that lead to market failure under perfect competition.When there are increasing returns to scale in a perfect competitive market, they lead either to monopoly or to losses. 5. Asymmetric or Incomplete information:In the real world, there is asymmetric or incomplete information due to ignorance and uncertainty on the part of buyers and sellers of goods. Thus they are unable to equate social and private benefits and costs. Type of Government Intervention At this stage Government intervention comes into effect and Government try to provide the following benefits: 1. Control non-competitive behavior of the firms. a. Taxation of monopoly profits (the Windfall Tax) . Regulation of oligopolies/cartel behavior c. Policies to introduce competition into markets (de-regulation) 2. Using Tax or subsidies or by environmental policies combat externalities. 3. Provide public goods. a. Direct provision of public goods (military services) b. Price controls for the recently privatized utilities 4. Provide information and assure information flow by various law and policies. 5. Government changes the income distribution by society by imposing income tax and inheritance taxes etc. Why corn/ soybean or wheat like agricultural commodity market do not need government intervention:The agriculture commodity market for corn/wheat/soybean like commodities fulfill the conditions of perfect competitive market as a) Many small producers b) Homogeneous product c) Many buyers d) Free entry and exit e) All the producer’s face the same cost as they have equal access to the same technology. In the perfect competitive market a seller/producer has to simply determine how many units to produce and sell at the current equilibrium price. If a perfectly competitive firm earns short run economic profit, new firms enter in the long run and market supply increases hence the price decreases.As the price falls each firm’s economic profit diminishes. To restore the economic profit, existing firms make every effort to become more efficient, but their success encourage s further entry in the market. Due to this continuous entry in the market in the long run each firm get a normal profit. If firms face the economic loss in the perfect competitive market and they are optimally efficient with current available technology then this environment compels some (weaker) firms to leave the market in the long run. As some firms exit, the market supply decreases and price increases.The process continues in the long run till each surviving firms earn a normal profit. The graph below demonstrates the longrun equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market, where profit equals zero: [pic] We observe that the following is the case for a perfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium †¢ Profit (? ) = 0 because P = ATC. †¢ P = MR = MC = ATC. †¢ The firm is producing the quantity where ATC is at its minimum point. Technological Efficiency:At given cost of production (resources used) if the output produced is maximized then it is called technological efficiency.From the above diagram it is clear that the firm is technologically efficient as it is producing the output at the lowest point of its cost curve (ATC). It is natural as i) All profit maximizing firms want to increase their profit by minimizing the cost of production; as in the perfect competition they cannot raise the prices of homogeneous product. ii) As in long run profit equals to zero for a perfectly competitive firm, hence, if the firm does not choose to minimize the production-cost, ATC will increase and profit would be less than zero.Allocative Efficiency:It occurs when resources are allocated to the production of goods in such a manner that society is a well off as possible. Marginal social cost (MSC) captures the opportunity cost of using another input in the production of a good, where opportunity cost refers to the best alte rnative use of an input. If more of a good is demanded in the market, additional inputs (e. g. labor, electricity, etc. ) are required to produce additional output of that good. We can measure the cost of added production by looking at the marginal cost (MC) of producing one more unit of the good.The rule to achieve allocative efficiency is that the additional benefits received by consumers from consumption of a good equal to the incremental costs of producing another unit of that good. MSB = MSC To achieve allocative efficiency in the use of productive inputs, marginal social benefit must equal marginal social cost for a good or service. If marginal social benefit is greater than marginal social cost (MSB gt; MSC) then the benefits attained by consumers from the consumption of another unit of the good or service exceeds the opportunity cost of the allocation of additional inputs into the production of that good. In other words, when MSB gt; MSC, society wants more of the good produced and uses the market to signal that desire. How does the market convey this information? Since price (P) equals marginal social benefit (MSB) and marginal cost equals marginal social cost (MSC), we have the condition that: P = MSB = MSC = MC; or P = MC So the Pareto optimality conditions fulfilled. Hence the agriculture commodity markets for corn/wheat/soybean like commodities need not any government intervention. Local Cable TV or local gas company need government intervention:The local cable TV or local gas company in many countries works as a monopolist. The required conditions to be a monopolist are: 1. There is one seller or producer of a homogeneous product. 2. There is no close substitution of the product available 3. There is perfect competition in the factor market so that it can minimize the cost of the production 4. There are many buyers of the product but none of them can influence the price of the product. 5. There is no threat of entry of exit. Given above assumptions, the price, output and profit under monopoly are determined by the forces of demand and supply.The monopolist has complete control over the supply of the product. He is also a price maker who can set the price to his maximum advantages. But he cannot fix the price and output simultaneously. Either he can fix the price and leave the output to be determined by the consumer demand at that price or he can fix the output to be produced and leave the price to be determined by the consumer demand for the product. Thus whatever price he fixes, whatever output he decides to produce are determined by the condition of demand. [pic]We observe that the following is the case for a perfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium †¢ Profit (? ) gt;= 0 because P gt;= ATC. †¢ P gt;= MR = MC †¢ The firm does not produce the quantity where ATC is at its minimum point. Technological Efficiency:Although each firm in monopoly want to reduce it’s cost of production to maximize the profit yet the industry/ market does not produce the output at the minimum point of ATC so the monopoly market is technologically not efficient. Allocative Efficiency:As we have already discussed that the condition to attain allocative efficiecy isP = MSB = MSC = MC; or P = MC But as P is greater than MC in the case of monopoly so it is inefficient on allocation basis, which is called deadweight welfare loss (social cost). We may say that the monopoly leads to misallocation and underutilization of resources and reduction in consumer’s welfare. Government may impose regulations to control a monopoly: For industries where the average total cost curve displays tremendous economies of scale, the government may decide that having a single provider is desirable.Using the measures of productive and allocative efficiency, regulators know that when left alone, a profit maximizing monopoly produces less of the good or service than is desired by society and at too high of a cost. Regulated monopolies agree to adhere to government oversight in order to sustain their monopoly status. 1. Forbidding the formation of monopolies (e. g. , antitrust laws) 2. Forbidding monopolistic behavior (like predatory pricing) 3. Ensuring standards of provision. 4. Ensuring competition exists (e. g. deregulation) 5. Imposition of a lump-sum tax on a monopolist (shifts AC upwards), and supernormal profits are taken as tax. Governments may also regulate MC/AC pricing for monopolies. Effects of MC/AC regulating pricing by government intervention : Marginal Cost Pricing : Regulators set price where marginal cost equals demand. This is the most efficient solution as allocative efficiency is achieved: P = MC and therefore MSB = MSC. But the firm is losing money, as total revenues are less than total costs (see the figure given below).In the long run, if this condition prevails, the firm will shut down and cease to operate, not especially a desirable outcome if the monopoly provides an essential good or service such as electricity or water. It is sometimes called optimal price regulation. It does not work with natural monopolies (they will not earn a profit, and would exit the industry). See the following figure. Average Total Cost Pricing : For natural monopolies, the regulator can force monopolies to charge the price where ATC crosses Demand.At this price economic profit will be zero, although there will be normal accounting profits. Sometimes called non-optimal price regulation. This is a more efficient outcome than no regulation at all. Price still exceeds marginal cost and therefore, marginal social benefits exceed marginal social costs. With average cost pricing, allocative and productive efficiency are not achieved. The firm earns accounting profits but no economic profits. Smaller deadweight loss than unregulated monopoly. See the diagram given below. [pic] How to cite Government Intervention in Market, Papers

Consumer Behavior American Premium Handbag and Accessory Industry

Question: Discuss about theConsumer Behaviorfor American Premium Handbag and Accessory Industry. Answer: Introduction of Coach Coach is one of the top sellers in the American premium handbag and the accessory industry. The primary aim of the firm is to be loyal to the customers and develop good and effective relations with them. The firm is continuously growing throughout the concerned market segments of China and United States and because of slow generation of the sales the firm is planning for rebranding and the transformational plan (Schiffman et al. 2016). Executive Summary of Article The article reveals the increase in the consumers for the luxury brands. China has emerged as the fastest growing country economy throughout Asia having a large number of the middle-class consumers. The increase in the salaries of the concerned urbanized consumers has enhanced the economic development of the country (Schiffman et al. 2016). Coach is one of the American luxury brands of handbag and accessories whose demands throughout China have increased significantly. The article overall reflects the increase in the demands of the luxury branded products by the middle-class consumers throughout china and the Asia-pacific. Characteristics Shared Among the Customers of Luxury Brands within China The luxury brands aim to target the middle-class consumers throughout china as they contribute 51% of the total population (Szmigin and Piacentini 2015). The shared characteristics among the luxury brands include the strategic movement within the third-tier and the second-tier cities, expanding the business processes rapidly, developing effective relations with the middle-class consumers and controlling product supply chain along with delivering a quality of the products to the targeted consumers (Solomon 2010). Moreover, the luxury brands are developing the excellent Chinese-oriented communication strategy for the consumers especially for the middle-class consumers getting higher salaries. References Schiffman, Leon, Aron OCass, Pamela Paladino, and Jamie Carlson. 2016. Consumer Behaviour (6Th Edition),. 6th ed. Australia Pty: PEARSON. Solomon, Michael R. 2010.Consumer Behaviour. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Szmigin, Isabelle and Maria Piacentini. 2015.Consumer Behaviour. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Providing a Financial Aid to the Developing Countries

1. Nowadays, it became quite clear to just about anyone that the idea that, by providing a financial aid to the so-called ‘developing’ countries, Western nations would be able to help these countries to get out of poverty, has been deprived of the remains of its former legitimacy.[1]Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Providing a Financial Aid to the Developing Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This could not be otherwise, because ever since the ‘aid’ paradigm has attained the status of the UN official policy, in regards to the Third World countries, there has been not even a single instance reported of the policy’s implementation having produced a positive outcome. Quite on the contrary – the more this ‘aid’ has been pumped into the concerned countries’ economy, the faster they grew detached from the notions of progress and development, i n the first place. In its turn, this leaves very little doubt that the assumption that aid can serve as the tool of development, is conceptually fallacious. In this paper, I will explore the validity of the above-stated thesis at length. 2. One of the reasons why, during the course of the late 20th century, it became a commonplace practice among ‘progressive’ politicians in the West to advocate the idea of aid, is that during this time it used to be fashionable to assess the essence of the ongoing developments on the international arena within the conceptual framework of political Constructivism. According to the paradigm’s foremost provision, as time goes on, the very purpose of the independent states’ continual existence undergoes a qualitative transformation. [2] In its turn, this was supposed to justify the idea that rich countries should preoccupy themselves with trying to improve living standards in the Third World. Nevertheless, as time goes on, it becomes increasingly clear to more and more people that, discursively speaking, political Constructivism is nothing by the instrument that allows Western countries to conceal their actual (Realist) agenda, concerned with: a) political/economic expansion, b) maintenance of a political stability within, c) destabilization of competing states. What it means is that Western countries cannot be genuinely interested in having aid, which they provide to the ‘developing’ countries, to prove effective, by definition. After all, the fact that people in the West enjoy the world’s highest standards of living is the direct consequence of the Western countries’ existential mode remaining largely ‘parasitic’. The validity of this statement can be well illustrated, in regards to the FRS’s practice of emitting billions and billions of dollars, without bothering to ensure that the money in question does reflect the value of any material assets. As a resu lt, the US currency had ceased to represent any objective value, whatsoever, while being turned into essentially the tons of a valueless green paper (nowadays, it is rather the bunch of digital zeroes in the FRS’s main computer).Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Yet, it is specifically this currency (the US dollar), with which the Western world pays ‘developing’ countries, in exchange for their natural and human resources. In the similar manner, Spanish and later British colonists used to buy land from the American Natives, in exchange for glass-beads. Therefore, the Western practice of providing the Third World countries with aid, while these countries are being robbed clean by the very same ‘aid-providers’, is a hypocrisy of the worst kind. Being strongly hypocritical, this practice cannot possibly result in the improvement of l iving standards among the world’s most impoverished people. Quite on the contrary – it prompts aid-recipients to adopt the mentality of beggars, which are doomed to rely on others, while trying to meet the ends.[3] In its turn, this causes the ‘poor and needy’ to become resentful of their moralistically minded ‘beneficiaries’. In this respect, it would prove quite impossible to disagree with Bindra, who suggested that: â€Å"Far from being productive or necessary, the donor-dependant relationship most often ends in mutual hatred. And amid the final acrimony, one crucial fact is forgotten: the longer the relationship has carried on, the less capable the dependant of reducing his dependence†.[4] This explains the phenomenon of legal and illegal immigrants from the Third world continuing to arrive to the Western shores in big numbers, despite remaining deeply resentful of the so-called ‘Western values’. These people are perfec tly aware that in their own countries, they do not have even a slight chance of a social advancement, by definition, which in turn is the direct consequence of the West’s ‘well-meaning’ geopolitical arrogance, reflected by the euro-centric belief that aid can indeed serve as the tool of development. This, of course, once again exposes the sheer fallaciousness of the assumption that by throwing ‘crumbs’ from their richly served tables to those people that have to struggle with hunger on a daily basis, philanthropically-minded Westerners would be able to make a difference. There is another reason why there can be no rationale, whatsoever, in thinking that there may be any objective benefits to the policy of providing aid to the ‘developing’ countries – especially if the latter happened to be situated in Africa. This reason has to do with the fact that, in the evolutionary sense of this word, these countries’ citizens cannot b e considered equal with their Western or South-Asian counterparts. After all, it does not represent much of a secret that the average rate of IQ among citizens of the world’s most impoverished countries, such as Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea and Ethiopia, amounts to as low as 50-60.[5] What it means is that the very assumption that aid can trigger the process of the evolutionary underdeveloped individuals being set on the path of progress, does not stand much of a discursive ground.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Providing a Financial Aid to the Developing Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reason for this is apparent – it is only those individuals that are capable of operating with highly abstract subject matters, which in turn is being reflected by the rate of their IQ, who have what it takes to be able to enforce the virtues of a rationale-based (and consequentially prosperous ) living. After all, it is specifically one’s ability to understand the meaning of abstractly sounding terms/definitions, which creates objective preconditions for the individual in question to be capable of exercising a rational control over its animalistic urges. One of these urges is concerned with the intellectually underdeveloped people’s tendency to remain tribally minded, throughout the course of their lives. In its turn, this can be discussed in terms of a metaphysical ground, out of which these people’s taste for corruption actually stems. This helps us to understand why, as practice indicates, at least 60% of a financial/material aid that is being provided to the ‘developing’ countries annually, on the part of the West, ends up being stolen by the local officials, in charge of distributing this aid among the most socially disadvantaged citizens. [6] Yet, it is not only that this does not cause aid-providing Western countries to reconsider the legitimacy of the policy in question, but it in fact appears to provide aid-donors with an additional incentive to keep on throwing money into the bottomless pit of the Third World. Such a seeming illogicality, however, can be well explained once we realize that, in the geopolitical sense of this word, the term ‘aid’ is nothing but the well-sounding euphemism to the term ‘extortion’. The rationale behind this suggestion is as follows: By providing aid to the Third World countries, Westerners contribute to the maintenance of the situation when the representatives of the corrupted ruling elites in these countries, are able to remain in the position of power, while continuing to lead a parasitic existence. The price of this is that the rest of ordinary citizens are being kept in the state of an extreme poverty. After all, the more impoverished citizens are, the easier it is to provide them with the incentives to participate in elections/publicly held mass- rallies, which in turn legitimize the earlier mentioned state of affairs. This is because the cost of the impoverished citizens’ active participation in the earlier mentioned activities is comparatively cheap.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, it represents a common practice, on the part of politicians in many ‘developing’ countries, to hire people to participate in the mass-rallies (staged to prove that these politicians indeed enjoy much of a public support), by paying every individual ‘supporter’ as little, as $1 per day.[7] This partially explains the reason why, while pumping finances into the economies of the Third World countries, the UN bureaucrats never cease stressing out that the provided financial assistance is also meant to promote the values of democracy. While knowing perfectly well that, within the Third World settings, democracy necessarily breeds corruption, the earlier mentioned bureaucrats simply strive to maintain the present status quo in the ‘developing’ countries, concerned with the situation when the small minority of these countries’ richest citizens continues to subject their less fortunate countrymen to the most extreme forms of an econ omic exploitation. Therefore, the democracy-rhetoric, on the part of those Western politicians who popularize the idea that aid can indeed be considered the tool of development, indicates that, despite having condemned the legacy of colonialism formally, Western countries nevertheless continue to remain essentially colonial – although this time, their colonial aspirations are concealed with the politically correct wrapper of ‘aid’.[8] Finally, the idea that aid may serve as the instrument of development cannot be considered thoroughly valid, because it is nothing but the byproduct of White people’s endowment with the sense of a perceptual euro-centrism. That is, the concerned idea appears to be consistent with solely the Western outlook on what the notion of development stands for, because it reflects While people’s tendency to associate this particular notion with the notion of quality. What it means that there are no good reasons to consider this idea applicable, within the context of how people in non-Western countries go about addressing their evolutionary agenda of securing and expanding the affiliated environmental niche on the planet. The reason for this is apparent – even though that, regardless of what happened to be the particulars of their ethno-cultural affiliation, all people are similar, in respect of being ‘programmed’ to seek domination, the strategies that they deploy during the course of the process, reflect the measure of the concerned individuals’ existential complexity. Whereas, some people strive to maintain their evolutionary fitness by the mean of contributing to the pace of the technological/cultural progress (quality), the others pursue the same agenda by the mean of making babies on an industrial scale. In the eyes of evolution, neither of the mentioned strategies can be deemed ‘superior’ – all that matters, is that the chosen strategy ensures the eventu al survival/dominance, on the part of its affiliates.[9] [10] In its turn, this implies that, despite the fact that many citizens in the Third World countries do suffer from undernourishment; ‘aid’ (in the Western sense of this word) is the last thing they need. For example, within the matter of forty years, the population of Ethiopia has tripled – despite the fact that, throughout this time, Ethiopians continued to suffer from the never-ending civil war and famine.[11] Perceptually ‘feminized’ Westerners, on the other hand, grow ever more incapable of addressing even the most basic life-challenges – despite enjoying the world’s highest standards of living. As opposed to the Western societies of whining degenerates, which have effectively ceased evolving, the Ethiopian society is blessed with the Darwinian vitality, which in turn allows its members to successfully deal even with the most unimaginable hardships – without needing t o be ‘aided’ by those who cause these hardships, in the first place. 3. I believe that the earlier deployed line of argumentation, in defense of the suggestion that the notions of ‘aid’ and ‘development’ are mutually inconsistent, fully correlates with the paper’s initial thesis. Apparently, aid cannot lead to development, by definition. Bibliography Bebler, Anton. â€Å"Self-Assertion in the Third World.† International Political Science  Review 1, no. 3 (1980): 369-380. Bindra, Sunny. â€Å"Men Behaving Badly.† In Missionaries, Mercenaries and Misfits: An  Anthology, edited by Rasna Warah, 147-155. London: AuthorHouse, 2008. Ghosh, Arun. â€Å"Self-Reliance, Recent Economic Policies and Neo-Colonialism.†Ã‚  Economic and Political Weekly 27, no. 17 (1992): 865-868. Hodgson, Geoffrey. â€Å"Darwinism and Institutional Economics.† Journal of Economic  Issues 37, no. 1 (2003): 85-97. Jones, Jack. â€Å"Soc ial Darwinism Reconsidered.† Political Psychology 3, no.  ½ (1981): 239-266. Lynn, Richard, and Tatu Vanhanen. IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002. O’Higgins, Eleanor. â€Å"Corruption, Underdevelopment, and Extractive Resource Industries: Addressing the Vicious Cycle.† Business Ethics Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2006): 235-254. Olssen, Mark. â€Å"Radical Constructivism and its Failings: Anti-Realism and Individualism.† British Journal of Educational Studies 44, no. 3 (1996): 275-295. Szeftel, Morris. â€Å"Misunderstanding African Politics: Corruption the Governance Agenda.† Review of African Political Economy 25, no. 76 (1998): 221-240. Tomlinson, Bill. â€Å"What Was the Third World?’, Journal of Contemporary History 38, no. 2 (2003): 307-321. White, Phillip and Lionel Cliffe. â€Å"War Famine in Ethiopia Eritrea.† Review of  African Political Economy 27, no. 84 (2000): 329-333. Footnotes Bill Tomlinson â€Å"What Was the Third World?’, Journal of Contemporary History 38, no. 2 (2003): 311. Mark Olssen â€Å"Radical Constructivism and its Failings: Anti-Realism and Individualism.† British Journal of Educational Studies 44, no. 3 (1996): 280. Anton Bebler â€Å"Self-Assertion in the Third World†, International Political Science  Review 1, no. 3 (1980): 375. Sunny Bindra, â€Å"Men Behaving Badly.† In Missionaries, Mercenaries and Misfits: An Anthology, ed. by Rasna Warah (London: AuthorHouse, 2008), 149. Richard Lynn and Tatu Vanhanen, IQ and the Wealth of Nations (Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002), 120. Eleanor O’Higgins â€Å"Corruption, Underdevelopment, and Extractive Resource Industries: Addressing the Vicious Cycle.† Business Ethics Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2006): 237. Morris Szeftel â€Å"Misunderstanding African Politics: Corruption the Governance Agenda.† Review of African Political Economy 25, no. 76 (19 98): 219. Arun Ghosh â€Å"Self-Reliance, Recent Economic Policies and Neo-Colonialism.† Economic and Political Weekly 27, no. 17 (1992): 866. Geoffrey Hodgson â€Å"Darwinism and Institutional Economics.† Journal of Economic Issues 37, no. 1 (2003): 90. Jack Jones â€Å"Social Darwinism Reconsidered.† Political Psychology 3, no.  ½ (1981): 245. Phillip White and Lionel Cliffe â€Å"War Famine in Ethiopia Eritrea.† Review of  African Political Economy 27, no. 84 (2000): 332. This research paper on Providing a Financial Aid to the Developing Countries was written and submitted by user Lyla U. to help you with your own studies. 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COURSE PROJECT Essay

COURSE PROJECT Essay COURSE PROJECT Essay Devin Martin MIS 535 Managerial Applications Of Information Technology Professor: Mr. Sibrizzi Course Project How to Improve a Broken Accounting Information System Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Step to implementing an integrated accounting information system 3. Benefits and advantages of a computerized accounting information system 4. Emerging technologies 5. Conclusion 6. References Can you imagine in 2012 working for an entity whose Information systems hasn’t been improved since the 90s? Well I did. I was in my sophomore year of college, when I received a call from the City of St. Louis Human Services Department secretary. Ms. Lajoyce offered me an opportunity I was so patiently waiting on, the accounting clerk position. I was extremely excited and believed this was the beginning of my journey to being an Accountant. It was now time for me to put all my education to use. Once I was there, I quickly learned the accounting department didn’t operate with an integrated information system or collaboratively as a team. Each accountant had there own database or spreadsheet systems, which decreased productivity and efficiency. Information systems are essential for conducting day-today business. First, I will focus on describing each accountant’s database or spreadsheet system and identity the problems. Then, I’ll educate the manag er on how to effectively implement an accounting information system. Lastly, I will provide the advantages and benefits for the accounting department if a well structured accounting information system is implemented. I found the best way to prepare myself for my first real job was to learn the organization, its culture, and environment. In the accounting division there was the manager, accounting coordinator, internal auditor, three accountants, and four accounting clerks. The division still operated as command and control environment, which means no matter how many good ideas I had the upper-level management would not listen to them. The first accountant maintained the books for the Homeless division, the second accountant maintained the books for the St. Louis Agency on Aging, and the third accountant maintained the books for the Youth and Family Division. All of the accounting division employees were given the necessary hardware to complete their duties, but lacked the necessary software needed to successfully complete their duties in a timely manner. The accounting manager has been unsuccessful in convincing the Department Director, to approve funds to update the accounting information system. The Youth and Family accountant, over the years, decided he would purchase the software he needed to create his own database. He quickly taught himself how to build a database using access. The database the youth and family accountant created consisted of several transaction processing systems. Once a transaction was input into the system, it updated the system’s master file that permanently maintained sites and vendors information for the youth and family division. The data in the system was combined in different ways to create reports of interest to management and government agencies and to send payment to the sites. The TPS supplied data to the accountant’s general ledger system, which is responsible for maintaining records of the firm’s income and expenses and for producing reports such as income statements and balance sheets. His system decreased data redundancy and cut cost. Unfortunately the accounting coordinator and other accountants weren’t educated on using an access database, so they couldn’t comprehend his system. The division must be aware of and open to the influences of information systems to benefit from new technologies. The Homeless division accountant and the SLAAA accountant had several excel spreadsheet systems they created to

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Research Paper - Essay Example Traditionally, these problems were not apparent because tourists were very responsible in helping preserving the pristine nature of places they visit. But today the environment are becoming an eye sore because of exploitation through ecotourism. Wildlife is also threatened. Reasons for this could be poor management so that the environment and wildlife are not conserved. Ecoutourism became a form of business rather than appreciation of nature. Thus, most often it hastens the decline of natural resources and causes the imbalance of environmental ecology as a result of some extinction of fauna brought about by extensive tourism. Modern ecotourism should be transformed from its current state to the position where it contributes to ecological preservation, nature protection, and social responsibility. (Make sure you describe the problem fully in introduction. I think the problem was fully described. Besides I will be going beyond 5 pages if I will revise the introduction. I even went beyo nd the number of word count required in your paper)(he said to me need more describe so you can change some words by another words which is more value of describe) Ecotourism is believed to contribute to ecological preservation. This had been observed in the case of turtle based ecotourism at Mon Repos Beach just near Bundaberg, Australia (Tisdell, Clem & Wilson, Clevo, 1). The development of turtle based ecotourism contributed positively in its preservation. It was even adopted by other countries like Sri Lanka as their â€Å"come on† tourist attraction. Observation also reveals that when people are interested in certain place, the more that the host communities are going to exert effort to preserve its natural beauty. An example of this is the Great Wall of China. Ever since it attracted tourist from all over the world, the Chinese government started to pay particular attention in the maintenance of the wall as well as planting